Tao Te Ching: The Book of The Way and its Virtue

Lao Tzu (c.605 BC–c.531 BC), translated by Kline, A. S. (contact-email)

The Tao Te Ching is a foundational text in Taoist philosophy, originating from at least the fourth century BC. Comprising eighty-one concise, poetic sections, it covers a spectrum of topics from practical advice to cosmic wisdom. The text emphasizes a harmonious understanding of existence, guided by natural law, aimed at achieving personal and spiritual balance. Its style is succinct but cryptic, allowing multiple interpretations while delivering a clear, central message.

Traditionally attributed to Lao-Tzu, an honourary title meaning “Old Master”, the text’s authorship remains debated. Some claim Lao-Tzu was a contemporary of Confucius, while others posit multiple authors. Despite this ambiguity, the Tao Te Ching’s influence on later Taoist thought is unquestionable.

Author Details

Lao Tzu is a semi-legendary Chinese philosopher of the 6th century BC, in the state of Chu. His name translates as “the Old Master” in English. Traditionally credited with writing the “Tao Te Ching”, modern scholars have debated the work’s origins, positing that it may actually be a product of multiple authors from the 4th century BC.

According to the traditional accounts, Lao Tzu was born with the personal name Li Er and later was also known as Lao Dan. He served as the royal archivist for the Zhou court at Wangcheng, modern Luoyang. According to legend, he met and impressed Confucius, leaving a lasting impact on the younger philosopher.

Lao Tzu is regarded as the founder of Taoism, and the “Tao Te Ching” as a cornerstone of Chinese philosophy.

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Kline, A. S.

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